/* ===================================================
 *  jquery-sortable.js v0.9.13
 *  http://johnny.github.com/jquery-sortable/
 * ===================================================
 *  Copyright (c) 2012 Jonas von Andrian
 *  All rights reserved.
 *
 *  Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 *  modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
 *  * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 *  * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *  * The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
 *    derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
 *
 *  THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND
 *  ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
 *  WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
 *  DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL <COPYRIGHT HOLDER> BE LIABLE FOR ANY
 *  DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
 *  (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
 *  LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND
 *  ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
 *  (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
 *  SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 * ========================================================== */

!function ( $, window, pluginName, undefined){
	var containerDefaults = {
			// If true, items can be dragged from this container
			drag: true,
			// If true, items can be droped onto this container
			drop: true,
			// Exclude items from being draggable, if the
			// selector matches the item
			exclude: "",
			// If true, search for nested containers within an item.If you nest containers,
			// either the original selector with which you call the plugin must only match the top containers,
			// or you need to specify a group (see the bootstrap nav example)
			nested: true,
			// If true, the items are assumed to be arranged vertically
			vertical: true
		}, // end container defaults
		groupDefaults = {
			// This is executed after the placeholder has been moved.
			// $closestItemOrContainer contains the closest item, the placeholder
			// has been put at or the closest empty Container, the placeholder has
			// been appended to.
			afterMove: function ($placeholder, container, $closestItemOrContainer) {
			},
			// The exact css path between the container and its items, e.g. "> tbody"
			containerPath: "",
			// The css selector of the containers
			containerSelector: "ol, ul",
			// Distance the mouse has to travel to start dragging
			distance: 0,
			// Time in milliseconds after mousedown until dragging should start.
			// This option can be used to prevent unwanted drags when clicking on an element.
			delay: 0,
			// The css selector of the drag handle
			handle: "",
			// The exact css path between the item and its subcontainers.
			// It should only match the immediate items of a container.
			// No item of a subcontainer should be matched. E.g. for ol>div>li the itemPath is "> div"
			itemPath: "",
			// The css selector of the items
			itemSelector: "li",
			// The class given to "body" while an item is being dragged
			bodyClass: "dragging",
			// The class giving to an item while being dragged
			draggedClass: "dragged",
			// Check if the dragged item may be inside the container.
			// Use with care, since the search for a valid container entails a depth first search
			// and may be quite expensive.
			isValidTarget: function ($item, container) {
				return true
			},
			// Executed before onDrop if placeholder is detached.
			// This happens if pullPlaceholder is set to false and the drop occurs outside a container.
			onCancel: function ($item, container, _super, event) {
			},
			// Executed at the beginning of a mouse move event.
			// The Placeholder has not been moved yet.
			onDrag: function ($item, position, _super, event) {
				$item.css(position)
			},
			// Called after the drag has been started,
			// that is the mouse button is being held down and
			// the mouse is moving.
			// The container is the closest initialized container.
			// Therefore it might not be the container, that actually contains the item.
			onDragStart: function ($item, container, _super, event) {
				$item.css({
					height: $item.outerHeight(),
					width: $item.outerWidth()
				})
				$item.addClass(container.group.options.draggedClass)
				$("body").addClass(container.group.options.bodyClass)
			},
			// Called when the mouse button is being released
			onDrop: function ($item, container, _super, event) {
				$item.removeClass(container.group.options.draggedClass).removeAttr("style")
				$("body").removeClass(container.group.options.bodyClass)
			},
			// Called on mousedown. If falsy value is returned, the dragging will not start.
			// Ignore if element clicked is input, select or textarea
			onMousedown: function ($item, _super, event) {
				if (!event.target.nodeName.match(/^(input|select|textarea)$/i)) {
					event.preventDefault()
					return true
				}
			},
			// The class of the placeholder (must match placeholder option markup)
			placeholderClass: "placeholder",
			// Template for the placeholder. Can be any valid jQuery input
			// e.g. a string, a DOM element.
			// The placeholder must have the class "placeholder"
			placeholder: '<li class="placeholder"></li>',
			// If true, the position of the placeholder is calculated on every mousemove.
			// If false, it is only calculated when the mouse is above a container.
			pullPlaceholder: true,
			// Specifies serialization of the container group.
			// The pair $parent/$children is either container/items or item/subcontainers.
			serialize: function ($parent, $children, parentIsContainer) {
				var result = $.extend({}, $parent.data())

				if(parentIsContainer)
					return [$children]
				else if ($children[0]){
					result.children = $children
				}

				delete result.subContainers
				delete result.sortable

				return result
			},
			// Set tolerance while dragging. Positive values decrease sensitivity,
			// negative values increase it.
			tolerance: 0
		}, // end group defaults
		containerGroups = {},
		groupCounter = 0,
		emptyBox = {
			left: 0,
			top: 0,
			bottom: 0,
			right:0
		},
		eventNames = {
			start: "touchstart.sortable mousedown.sortable",
			drop: "touchend.sortable touchcancel.sortable mouseup.sortable",
			drag: "touchmove.sortable mousemove.sortable",
			scroll: "scroll.sortable"
		},
		subContainerKey = "subContainers"

	/*
	 * a is Array [left, right, top, bottom]
	 * b is array [left, top]
	 */
	function d(a,b) {
		var x = Math.max(0, a[0] - b[0], b[0] - a[1]),
			y = Math.max(0, a[2] - b[1], b[1] - a[3])
		return x+y;
	}

	function setDimensions(array, dimensions, tolerance, useOffset) {
		var i = array.length,
			offsetMethod = useOffset ? "offset" : "position"
		tolerance = tolerance || 0

		while(i--){
			var el = array[i].el ? array[i].el : $(array[i]),
				// use fitting method
				pos = el[offsetMethod]()
			pos.left += parseInt(el.css('margin-left'), 10)
			pos.top += parseInt(el.css('margin-top'),10)
			dimensions[i] = [
				pos.left - tolerance,
				pos.left + el.outerWidth() + tolerance,
				pos.top - tolerance,
				pos.top + el.outerHeight() + tolerance
			]
		}
	}

	function getRelativePosition(pointer, element) {
		var offset = element.offset()
		return {
			left: pointer.left - offset.left,
			top: pointer.top - offset.top
		}
	}

	function sortByDistanceDesc(dimensions, pointer, lastPointer) {
		pointer = [pointer.left, pointer.top]
		lastPointer = lastPointer && [lastPointer.left, lastPointer.top]

		var dim,
			i = dimensions.length,
			distances = []

		while(i--){
			dim = dimensions[i]
			distances[i] = [i,d(dim,pointer), lastPointer && d(dim, lastPointer)]
		}
		distances = distances.sort(function  (a,b) {
			return b[1] - a[1] || b[2] - a[2] || b[0] - a[0]
		})

		// last entry is the closest
		return distances
	}

	function ContainerGroup(options) {
		this.options = $.extend({}, groupDefaults, options)
		this.containers = []

		if(!this.options.rootGroup){
			this.scrollProxy = $.proxy(this.scroll, this)
			this.dragProxy = $.proxy(this.drag, this)
			this.dropProxy = $.proxy(this.drop, this)
			this.placeholder = $(this.options.placeholder)

			if(!options.isValidTarget)
				this.options.isValidTarget = undefined
		}
	}

	ContainerGroup.get = function  (options) {
		if(!containerGroups[options.group]) {
			if(options.group === undefined)
				options.group = groupCounter ++

			containerGroups[options.group] = new ContainerGroup(options)
		}

		return containerGroups[options.group]
	}

	ContainerGroup.prototype = {
		dragInit: function  (e, itemContainer) {
			this.$document = $(itemContainer.el[0].ownerDocument)

			// get item to drag
			var closestItem = $(e.target).closest(this.options.itemSelector);
			// using the length of this item, prevents the plugin from being started if there is no handle being clicked on.
			// this may also be helpful in instantiating multidrag.
			if (closestItem.length) {
				this.item = closestItem;
				this.itemContainer = itemContainer;
				if (this.item.is(this.options.exclude) || !this.options.onMousedown(this.item, groupDefaults.onMousedown, e)) {
					return;
				}
				this.setPointer(e);
				this.toggleListeners('on');
				this.setupDelayTimer();
				this.dragInitDone = true;
			}
		},
		drag: function  (e) {
			if(!this.dragging){
				if(!this.distanceMet(e) || !this.delayMet)
					return

				this.options.onDragStart(this.item, this.itemContainer, groupDefaults.onDragStart, e)
				this.item.before(this.placeholder)
				this.dragging = true
			}

			this.setPointer(e)
			// place item under the cursor
			this.options.onDrag(this.item,
				getRelativePosition(this.pointer, this.item.offsetParent()),
				groupDefaults.onDrag,
				e)

			var p = this.getPointer(e),
				box = this.sameResultBox,
				t = this.options.tolerance

			if(!box || box.top - t > p.top || box.bottom + t < p.top || box.left - t > p.left || box.right + t < p.left)
				if(!this.searchValidTarget()){
					this.placeholder.detach()
					this.lastAppendedItem = undefined
				}
		},
		drop: function  (e) {
			this.toggleListeners('off')

			this.dragInitDone = false

			if(this.dragging){
				// processing Drop, check if placeholder is detached
				if(this.placeholder.closest("html")[0]){
					this.placeholder.before(this.item).detach()
				} else {
					this.options.onCancel(this.item, this.itemContainer, groupDefaults.onCancel, e)
				}
				this.options.onDrop(this.item, this.getContainer(this.item), groupDefaults.onDrop, e)

				// cleanup
				this.clearDimensions()
				this.clearOffsetParent()
				this.lastAppendedItem = this.sameResultBox = undefined
				this.dragging = false
			}
		},
		searchValidTarget: function  (pointer, lastPointer) {
			if(!pointer){
				pointer = this.relativePointer || this.pointer
				lastPointer = this.lastRelativePointer || this.lastPointer
			}

			var distances = sortByDistanceDesc(this.getContainerDimensions(),
					pointer,
					lastPointer),
				i = distances.length

			while(i--){
				var index = distances[i][0],
					distance = distances[i][1]

				if(!distance || this.options.pullPlaceholder){
					var container = this.containers[index]
					if(!container.disabled){
						if(!this.$getOffsetParent()){
							var offsetParent = container.getItemOffsetParent()
							pointer = getRelativePosition(pointer, offsetParent)
							lastPointer = getRelativePosition(lastPointer, offsetParent)
						}
						if(container.searchValidTarget(pointer, lastPointer))
							return true
					}
				}
			}
			if(this.sameResultBox)
				this.sameResultBox = undefined
		},
		movePlaceholder: function  (container, item, method, sameResultBox) {
			var lastAppendedItem = this.lastAppendedItem
			if(!sameResultBox && lastAppendedItem && lastAppendedItem[0] === item[0])
				return;

			item[method](this.placeholder)
			this.lastAppendedItem = item
			this.sameResultBox = sameResultBox
			this.options.afterMove(this.placeholder, container, item)
		},
		getContainerDimensions: function  () {
			if(!this.containerDimensions)
				setDimensions(this.containers, this.containerDimensions = [], this.options.tolerance, !this.$getOffsetParent())
			return this.containerDimensions
		},
		getContainer: function  (element) {
			return element.closest(this.options.containerSelector).data(pluginName)
		},
		$getOffsetParent: function  () {
			if(this.offsetParent === undefined){
				var i = this.containers.length - 1,
					offsetParent = this.containers[i].getItemOffsetParent()

				if(!this.options.rootGroup){
					while(i--){
						if(offsetParent[0] != this.containers[i].getItemOffsetParent()[0]){
							// If every container has the same offset parent,
							// use position() which is relative to this parent,
							// otherwise use offset()
							// compare #setDimensions
							offsetParent = false
							break;
						}
					}
				}

				this.offsetParent = offsetParent
			}
			return this.offsetParent
		},
		setPointer: function (e) {
			var pointer = this.getPointer(e)

			if(this.$getOffsetParent()){
				var relativePointer = getRelativePosition(pointer, this.$getOffsetParent())
				this.lastRelativePointer = this.relativePointer
				this.relativePointer = relativePointer
			}

			this.lastPointer = this.pointer
			this.pointer = pointer
		},
		distanceMet: function (e) {
			var currentPointer = this.getPointer(e)
			return (Math.max(
				Math.abs(this.pointer.left - currentPointer.left),
				Math.abs(this.pointer.top - currentPointer.top)
			) >= this.options.distance)
		},
		getPointer: function(e) {
			var o = e.originalEvent || e.originalEvent.touches && e.originalEvent.touches[0]
			return {
				left: e.pageX || o.pageX,
				top: e.pageY || o.pageY
			}
		},
		setupDelayTimer: function () {
			var that = this
			this.delayMet = !this.options.delay

			// init delay timer if needed
			if (!this.delayMet) {
				clearTimeout(this._mouseDelayTimer);
				this._mouseDelayTimer = setTimeout(function() {
					that.delayMet = true
				}, this.options.delay)
			}
		},
		scroll: function  (e) {
			this.clearDimensions()
			this.clearOffsetParent() // TODO is this needed?
		},
		toggleListeners: function (method) {
			var that = this,
				events = ['drag','drop','scroll']

			$.each(events,function  (i,event) {
				that.$document[method](eventNames[event], that[event + 'Proxy'])
			})
		},
		clearOffsetParent: function () {
			this.offsetParent = undefined
		},
		// Recursively clear container and item dimensions
		clearDimensions: function  () {
			this.traverse(function(object){
				object._clearDimensions()
			})
		},
		traverse: function(callback) {
			callback(this)
			var i = this.containers.length
			while(i--){
				this.containers[i].traverse(callback)
			}
		},
		_clearDimensions: function(){
			this.containerDimensions = undefined
		},
		_destroy: function () {
			containerGroups[this.options.group] = undefined
		}
	}

	function Container(element, options) {
		this.el = element
		this.options = $.extend( {}, containerDefaults, options)

		this.group = ContainerGroup.get(this.options)
		this.rootGroup = this.options.rootGroup || this.group
		this.handle = this.rootGroup.options.handle || this.rootGroup.options.itemSelector

		var itemPath = this.rootGroup.options.itemPath
		this.target = itemPath ? this.el.find(itemPath) : this.el

		this.target.on(eventNames.start, this.handle, $.proxy(this.dragInit, this))

		if(this.options.drop)
			this.group.containers.push(this)
	}

	Container.prototype = {
		dragInit: function  (e) {
			var rootGroup = this.rootGroup

			if( !this.disabled &&
				!rootGroup.dragInitDone &&
				this.options.drag &&
				this.isValidDrag(e)) {
				rootGroup.dragInit(e, this)
			}
		},
		isValidDrag: function(e) {
			return e.which == 1 ||
				e.type == "touchstart" && e.originalEvent.touches.length == 1
		},
		searchValidTarget: function  (pointer, lastPointer) {
			var distances = sortByDistanceDesc(this.getItemDimensions(),
					pointer,
					lastPointer),
				i = distances.length,
				rootGroup = this.rootGroup,
				validTarget = !rootGroup.options.isValidTarget ||
					rootGroup.options.isValidTarget(rootGroup.item, this)

			if(!i && validTarget){
				rootGroup.movePlaceholder(this, this.target, "append")
				return true
			} else
				while(i--){
					var index = distances[i][0],
						distance = distances[i][1]
					if(!distance && this.hasChildGroup(index)){
						var found = this.getContainerGroup(index).searchValidTarget(pointer, lastPointer)
						if(found)
							return true
					}
					else if(validTarget){
						this.movePlaceholder(index, pointer)
						return true
					}
				}
		},
		movePlaceholder: function  (index, pointer) {
			var item = $(this.items[index]),
				dim = this.itemDimensions[index],
				method = "after",
				width = item.outerWidth(),
				height = item.outerHeight(),
				offset = item.offset(),
				sameResultBox = {
					left: offset.left,
					right: offset.left + width,
					top: offset.top,
					bottom: offset.top + height
				}
			if(this.options.vertical){
				var yCenter = (dim[2] + dim[3]) / 2,
					inUpperHalf = pointer.top <= yCenter
				if(inUpperHalf){
					method = "before"
					sameResultBox.bottom -= height / 2
				} else
					sameResultBox.top += height / 2
			} else {
				var xCenter = (dim[0] + dim[1]) / 2,
					inLeftHalf = pointer.left <= xCenter
				if(inLeftHalf){
					method = "before"
					sameResultBox.right -= width / 2
				} else
					sameResultBox.left += width / 2
			}
			if(this.hasChildGroup(index))
				sameResultBox = emptyBox
			this.rootGroup.movePlaceholder(this, item, method, sameResultBox)
		},
		getItemDimensions: function  () {
			if(!this.itemDimensions){
				this.items = this.$getChildren(this.el, "item").filter(
					":not(." + this.group.options.placeholderClass + ", ." + this.group.options.draggedClass + ")"
				).get()
				setDimensions(this.items, this.itemDimensions = [], this.options.tolerance)
			}
			return this.itemDimensions
		},
		getItemOffsetParent: function  () {
			var offsetParent,
				el = this.el
			// Since el might be empty we have to check el itself and
			// can not do something like el.children().first().offsetParent()
			if(el.css("position") === "relative" || el.css("position") === "absolute"  || el.css("position") === "fixed")
				offsetParent = el
			else
				offsetParent = el.offsetParent()
			return offsetParent
		},
		hasChildGroup: function (index) {
			return this.options.nested && this.getContainerGroup(index)
		},
		getContainerGroup: function  (index) {
			var childGroup = $.data(this.items[index], subContainerKey)
			if( childGroup === undefined){
				var childContainers = this.$getChildren(this.items[index], "container")
				childGroup = false

				if(childContainers[0]){
					var options = $.extend({}, this.options, {
						rootGroup: this.rootGroup,
						group: groupCounter ++
					})
					childGroup = childContainers[pluginName](options).data(pluginName).group
				}
				$.data(this.items[index], subContainerKey, childGroup)
			}
			return childGroup
		},
		$getChildren: function (parent, type) {
			var options = this.rootGroup.options,
				path = options[type + "Path"],
				selector = options[type + "Selector"]

			parent = $(parent)
			if(path)
				parent = parent.find(path)

			return parent.children(selector)
		},
		_serialize: function (parent, isContainer) {
			var that = this,
				childType = isContainer ? "item" : "container",

				children = this.$getChildren(parent, childType).not(this.options.exclude).map(function () {
					return that._serialize($(this), !isContainer)
				}).get()

			return this.rootGroup.options.serialize(parent, children, isContainer)
		},
		traverse: function(callback) {
			$.each(this.items || [], function(item){
				var group = $.data(this, subContainerKey)
				if(group)
					group.traverse(callback)
			});

			callback(this)
		},
		_clearDimensions: function  () {
			this.itemDimensions = undefined
		},
		_destroy: function() {
			var that = this;

			this.target.off(eventNames.start, this.handle);
			this.el.removeData(pluginName)

			if(this.options.drop)
				this.group.containers = $.grep(this.group.containers, function(val){
					return val != that
				})

			$.each(this.items || [], function(){
				$.removeData(this, subContainerKey)
			})
		}
	}

	var API = {
		enable: function() {
			this.traverse(function(object){
				object.disabled = false
			})
		},
		disable: function (){
			this.traverse(function(object){
				object.disabled = true
			})
		},
		serialize: function () {
			return this._serialize(this.el, true)
		},
		refresh: function() {
			this.traverse(function(object){
				object._clearDimensions()
			})
		},
		destroy: function () {
			this.traverse(function(object){
				object._destroy();
			})
		}
	}

	$.extend(Container.prototype, API)

	/**
	 * jQuery API
	 *
	 * Parameters are
	 *   either options on init
	 *   or a method name followed by arguments to pass to the method
	 */
	$.fn[pluginName] = function(methodOrOptions) {
		var args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 1)

		return this.map(function(){
			var $t = $(this),
				object = $t.data(pluginName)

			if(object && API[methodOrOptions])
				return API[methodOrOptions].apply(object, args) || this
			else if(!object && (methodOrOptions === undefined ||
				typeof methodOrOptions === "object"))
				$t.data(pluginName, new Container($t, methodOrOptions))

			return this
		});
	};

}(jQuery, window, 'sortable');
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</script></div></div></div><div id="content" class="site-content container"><div id="main-content-row" class="tie-row main-content-row"> <div class="main-content tie-col-md-8 tie-col-xs-12" role="main"> <article id="the-post" class="container-wrapper post-content tie-standard"> <header class="entry-header-outer"> <div class="entry-header"> <h1 class="post-title entry-title"> تعلم الالمانية ذاتيا </h1> <div class="single-post-meta post-meta clearfix"><span class="date meta-item tie-icon">سبتمبر 17, 2023</span><div class="tie-alignright"><span class="meta-views meta-item "><span class="tie-icon-fire" aria-hidden="true"></span> 57 </span><span class="meta-reading-time meta-item"><span class="tie-icon-bookmark" aria-hidden="true"></span> 4 دقائق</span> </div></div> </div> </header> <div class="entry-content entry clearfix"> <figure id="attachment_1685" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-1685" style="width: 1024px" class="wp-caption alignnone"><img decoding="async" class="wp-image-1685 size-large" src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAYYAAADcAQMAAABOLJSDAAAAA1BMVEUAAACnej3aAAAAAXRSTlMAQObYZgAAACJJREFUaIHtwTEBAAAAwqD1T20ND6AAAAAAAAAAAAAA4N8AKvgAAUFIrrEAAAAASUVORK5CYII=" loading="lazy" data-src="/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/377149888_640065181562627_6629780420724933537_n-1-1024x1024.jpg" alt="تعلم الالمانية ذاتيا" width="1024" height="1024"><figcaption id="caption-attachment-1685" class="wp-caption-text">تعلم الالمانية ذاتيا</figcaption></figure> <p>تعلم الالمانية ذاتيا؛ تعد المانيا واحدة من أهم وجهات السفر بالنسبة للعرب، لأنها تحتوي على الكثير من فرص العمل كما أنها تضم أقوى الجامعات في العالم ويقصدها العديد من الطلاب للدراسة، ولكن اللغة الألمانية تعد عائقاً بالنسبة للكثير من الأشخاص، لأن ألمانيا تشترط على الطلاب والزائرين إتقان اللغة الألمانية لقبولهم في الجامعات أو العمل في الشركات، فإذا كنت تفكر في السفر إلى هناك فأنت بحاجة إلى تعلم اللغة من الصفر، سنتعرف في هذا المقال على تعلم الالمانية ذاتيا مع اهم التطبيقات والقنوات التي تساعد في إنجاز هذا الأمر.</p> <div> <div class="lwptoc lwptoc-autoWidth lwptoc-baseItems lwptoc-light lwptoc-notInherit" data-smooth-scroll="1" data-smooth-scroll-offset="24"><div class="lwptoc_i"> <div class="lwptoc_header"> <b class="lwptoc_title">المحتويات</b> <span class="lwptoc_toggle"> <a href="#" class="lwptoc_toggle_label" data-label="عرض">إخفاء</a> </span> </div> <div class="lwptoc_items lwptoc_items-visible"> <div class="lwptoc_itemWrap"><div class="lwptoc_item"> <a href="#tlm_alalmanyt_dhatya"> <span class="lwptoc_item_number">1</span> <span class="lwptoc_item_label">تعلم الالمانية ذاتيا</span> </a> </div><div class="lwptoc_item"> <a href="#astratyjyat_altlm_aldhaty_llght_alalmanyt"> <span class="lwptoc_item_number">2</span> <span class="lwptoc_item_label">استراتيجيات التعلم الذاتي للغة الألمانية</span> </a> </div><div class="lwptoc_item"> <a href="#mzaya_tlm_alalmanyt_dhatya"> <span class="lwptoc_item_number">3</span> <span class="lwptoc_item_label">مزايا تعلم الالمانية ذاتيا</span> </a> </div><div class="lwptoc_item"> <a href="#qnwat_tlm_alalmanyt_dhatya_ly_alywtywb"> <span class="lwptoc_item_number">4</span> <span class="lwptoc_item_label">قنوات تعلم الالمانية ذاتيا على اليوتيوب</span> </a> </div><div class="lwptoc_item"> <a href="#ttbyqat_tlm_alalmanyt_dhatya"> <span class="lwptoc_item_number">5</span> <span class="lwptoc_item_label">تطبيقات تعلم الالمانية ذاتيا</span> </a> </div></div></div> </div></div><h2><span id="tlm_alalmanyt_dhatya">تعلم الالمانية ذاتيا</span></h2> <div>تعلم اللغة الألمانية تفتح أمامك مجموعة كبيرة من الفرص، سواء كانت سفر حول العالم أو مهنة أفضل أو توسيع دائرة علاقاتك الاجتماعية، حيث يعتقد الكثير من الاشخاص أن تحقيق الكفاءة اللغوية تتطلب التسجيل في دورات باهظة الثمن أو التسجيل في مدارس ذات أقساط مرتفعة، وفي نفس الوقت وبسبب الوصول إلى نطاق واسع من التكنولوجيا والتطور العلمي، تزايدت شعبية الدراسة الذاتية للغة الالمانية، وتزايد اهتمام الناس في هذا الموضوع في الآونة الأخيرة.</div> </div> <div></div> <div>يفضل بعض الطلبة اللجوء لتعلم اللغة الألمانية بشكل ذاتي ومن المنزل، سواء عبر شاشة الحاسوب أو من خلال أجهزة الهواتف الذكية، فهناك دورات تعليمية مختلفة لتعلم اللغة الألمانية عبر الانترنت، وقد يجد الطالب صعوبة في اختيار دورة مناسبة له لتعلم اللغة وتحسين مهاراته اللغوية بشكل افضل، ولكن في وقتنا الحالي أصبحت الدراسة الذاتية أمراً متاحاً بفضل انتشار عدة تطبيقات وقنوات على مواقع التواصل الاجتماعي بالإضافة إلى كتب الكترونية تتيح للطالب اختيار ما يناسبه للتعلم سواءً دورة أو كتاب أو مقطع فيديو وما شابه.</div> <div></div> <h2><span id="astratyjyat_altlm_aldhaty_llght_alalmanyt">استراتيجيات التعلم الذاتي للغة الألمانية</span></h2> <div>لتعلم اللغة الألمانية ذاتيا تم وضع العديد من الاستراتيجيات الهامة، إليك أهمها:</div> <div> <ul> <li> تحديد الأهداف والدوافع: قبل البدء في تعلم اللغة الألمانية يجب أن تحدد سبب رغبتك في تعلم اللغة الالمانية، قد تختلف أهدافك مثل تعزيز التواصل أو البحث عن فرصة عمل، ثم حدد الدافع الذي سيدعمك خلال هذه العملية.</li> <li>اختيار الموارد المناسبة: فالإنترنت مليء بالموارد التعليمية لتعلم اللغة الألمانية، لذلك يجب تحديد تلك التي تتطابق مع المستوى الذي تريده لإتقان اللغة وتفضيلاتك، وتشتمل هذه الموارد على كتب مدرسية، دروس الفيديو، مواد صوتية، تطبيقات اللغه، دورة او كتاب وغيرها.</li> <li>وضع جدول زمني منتظم: حيث يتطلب تعلم اللغة الالمانية ذاتيا وجود جدول زمني متسق ومنتظم للدراسة، مما يساعدك على المحافظة على الدافع والاهتمام في دراستك.</li> <li>ممارسة اللغة المكتوبة والمنطوقة: فمن الضروري ممارسة اللغة بشكل مكتوب ومنطوق لما لها من أهمية في تطوير مهارات الاتصال الخاصة بك، لذلك يمكنك الاحتفاظ ببعض المذكرات باللغة الالمانية، التفاعل مع طلاب ألمانيين أصليين، الاشتراك في دروس عبر الانترنت والمشاركة في المناقشات.</li> <li>تعزيز مهارات الاستماع: يجب تحسين مهارة الاستماع الخاصة بك من خلال الاستماع الى البودكاست، الدروس الصوتية، البث الإخباري، مشاهدة أفلام ألمانية، مما يساعدك على فهم اللغة الألمانية للمتحدثين الأصليين.</li> <li>الاستفادة من التطبيقات والتكنولوجيا: للتكنولوجيا دور كبير في تخفيف صعوبة اللغة الألمانية، حيث يمكن الاعتماد على تطبيقات الأجهزة المحمولة التي تحتوي على خطة تمارين تفاعلية وألعاب ودروس صوتية تساعد على رفع كفاءة المتعلم.</li> <li>تعلم العبارات الكاملة وليس فقط الكلمات الفردية: لأنها تساعدك في استخدام المفردات في سياق الكلام وبناء الجمل واستخدامها في مواقف مختلفة.</li> <li>دراسة القواعد النحوية: في رحلتك لتعلم اللغة الألمانية ذاتيًا لا تنسى أن تتعلم قواعد النحو لأن ذلك يساعدك على تكوين جمل متماسكة، ويكون ذلك من خلال الحصول على كتاب القواعد المخصص للمبتدئين.</li> <li>الاستمتاع أثناء تعلم اللغة الألمانية: يجب أن يكون التعليم الموجه ذاتيا ممتعا بالنسبة للمتعلم لذلك عليك اختيار دراسة المواضيع المثيرة للاهتمام، مع استخدام أساليب التعلم الابداعي.</li> <li>التواصل مع مجتمعات تعلم اللغة الألمانية: من خلال الانضمام الى مجموعات ومنتديات تعلم اللغة الألمانية عبر الانترنت وتبادل الخبرات مع المتعلمين.</li> </ul> <p>اقراء ايضا ::<a href="/%d8%aa%d8%ad%d9%85%d9%8a%d9%84-%d9%83%d8%aa%d8%a8-%d8%af%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%a6%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%85%d8%b9-%d8%b6%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%a1-pdf/">تحديد تحميل كتب دقائق المانية مع ضياء pdf </a></p> <h2><span id="mzaya_tlm_alalmanyt_dhatya">مزايا تعلم الالمانية ذاتيا</span></h2> </div> <div>يوجد العديد من المزايا التي نحصل عليها من خلال تعلم اللغة الألمانية ذاتيا وهي:</div> <div> <ul> <li>المرونة والراحة: حيث يمكنك اختيار الوقت والمكان المناسب لدراستك، مما يتيح لك تنظيم وقتك والجمع بين الدراسة وأنشطتك اليومية ومسؤولياتك.</li> <li>توفير الوقت والتكلفة: تعتبر دراسة اللغة الألمانية ذاتيا اقتصادية، حيث لا يتعين على الشخص إنفاق الكثير من الأموال بسبب توفر العديد من الموارد المجانية المتاحة التي تتيح له أن يوفر أمواله.</li> <li>النهج الفردي: حيث يمكنك اختيار المواد والأساليب التي تناسب احتياجاتك بشكل شخصي، لذلك يتيح لك تعلم اللغة بشكل ذاتي إمكانية تكييف عملية التعلم لتحقيق أقصى قدر من الاستفادة والفاعلية.</li> <li>تنوع الموارد: لأن الانترنت يقدم مجموعة متنوعة من الموارد لكل من يرغب بالتعلم اللغة الألمانية ذاتيا، مثل كورسات اللغات، الكتب، مقاطع فيديو واقراص مدمجة سي دي، كتب القواعد، قنوات يوتيوب وتطبيقات تعلم كافة الأساسيات.</li> <li>التنظيم الذاتي والمسؤولية: فالتعلم بشكل ذاتي يتطلب التخطيط وتحديد الأهداف بالإضافة الى مراقبة التقدم ووضع خطه صحيحة من البداية للوصول الى مستوى مهم.</li> <li>تحسين الذات والثقة بالنفس: يساعد تعلم اللغة الألمانية ذاتياً على تطوير الانضباط الذاتي وزيادة ثقتك في نفسك، لأنه يزيد من معرفتك ومهاراتك باستمرار.</li> <li>التغلب على العوائق والضعف: يساعدك تعلم اللغة ذاتيا لكي تعرف نفسك أكثر، و بأنك قادر على اكتشاف نقاط ضعفك وتركز عليها للحصول على نتائج مهمة.</li> </ul> <h2><span id="qnwat_tlm_alalmanyt_dhatya_ly_alywtywb">قنوات تعلم الالمانية ذاتيا على اليوتيوب</span></h2> <div>أصبحت عملية تعلم أي لغة بشكل ذاتي ومن الصفر أسهل من أي وقت مضى، فالمصادر التي يمكن الاعتماد عليها للبدء بتعلم لغات مثل الماني وغيرها قد كثرت، ومن أهمها قنوات اليوتيوب التي تضم أساتذة يتحدثون اللغة العربية أو ناطقين أصليين، إليك اهم القنوات التي يمكن الاعتماد عليها لتعلم اللغة الألمانية:</div> </div> <div> <ul> <li>قناة lingoni german: التي تقدم كورس محادثات في اللغة الألمانية من المستوى المبتدىء A1 حتى المتوسط B2، وتضم 655 ألف مشترك مع 48 مليون مشاهدة.</li> </ul> <figure id="attachment_1686" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-1686" style="width: 974px" class="wp-caption alignnone"><img decoding="async" class="wp-image-1686 size-full" src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAYYAAADcAQMAAABOLJSDAAAAA1BMVEUAAACnej3aAAAAAXRSTlMAQObYZgAAACJJREFUaIHtwTEBAAAAwqD1T20ND6AAAAAAAAAAAAAA4N8AKvgAAUFIrrEAAAAASUVORK5CYII=" loading="lazy" data-src="/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/لقطة-الشاشة-2023-09-17-213058.png" alt="قناة lingoni german" width="974" height="751"><figcaption id="caption-attachment-1686" class="wp-caption-text">قناة lingoni german</figcaption></figure> <div>رابط القناة لتعلم اللغة الألمانية:<a href="//www.youtube.com/c/lingoniGERMAN"> من هنا </a></div> <div></div> <ul> <li>تعلم الألمانية مع هند Deutsch mit hend: وتهدف الى تعلم اللغة الألمانية من الصفر بدءاً من الاساسيات وتعلم النطق والقواعد، وتضم 42 ألف مشترك ومشاهداتها تجاوزت 1.7 مليون.</li> </ul> <figure id="attachment_1687" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-1687" style="width: 968px" class="wp-caption alignnone"><img decoding="async" class="size-full wp-image-1687" src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAYYAAADcAQMAAABOLJSDAAAAA1BMVEUAAACnej3aAAAAAXRSTlMAQObYZgAAACJJREFUaIHtwTEBAAAAwqD1T20ND6AAAAAAAAAAAAAA4N8AKvgAAUFIrrEAAAAASUVORK5CYII=" loading="lazy" data-src="/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/لقطة-الشاشة-2023-09-17-213224.png" alt="تعلم الألمانية مع هند Deutsch mit hend" width="968" height="751"><figcaption id="caption-attachment-1687" class="wp-caption-text">تعلم الألمانية مع هند Deutsch mit hend</figcaption></figure> <div>الرابط:  <a href="//www.youtube.com/@FrauHendTaha">من هنا</a></div> <ul> <li>قناة خواطر المانية: وهي قناة مجانية تدرس اللغة الألمانية بأسلوب بسيط وسهل، من خلال إقامة الحوارات وتعلم القواعد ومعلومات حول الثقافة الالمانية.</li> </ul> <figure id="attachment_1688" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-1688" style="width: 971px" class="wp-caption alignnone"><img decoding="async" class="size-full wp-image-1688" src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAYYAAADcAQMAAABOLJSDAAAAA1BMVEUAAACnej3aAAAAAXRSTlMAQObYZgAAACJJREFUaIHtwTEBAAAAwqD1T20ND6AAAAAAAAAAAAAA4N8AKvgAAUFIrrEAAAAASUVORK5CYII=" loading="lazy" data-src="/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/لقطة-الشاشة-2023-09-17-213304.png" alt="قناة خواطر المانية" width="971" height="788"><figcaption id="caption-attachment-1688" class="wp-caption-text">قناة خواطر المانية</figcaption></figure> <div>الرابط: <a href="//www.youtube.com/c/%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B7%D8%B1%D8%A3%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9/featured">من هنا</a></div> <ul> <li>قناة خالد النجار: تحتوي على الكورسات المبسطة التي تهدف الى تحسين قدراتك في كافة الفئات والمستويات في اللغة الألمانية، وتضم 63 الف مشترك وتجاوزت مشاهداتها حاجر 6 مليون.</li> </ul> <figure id="attachment_1689" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-1689" style="width: 966px" class="wp-caption alignnone"><img decoding="async" class="size-full wp-image-1689" src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAYYAAADcAQMAAABOLJSDAAAAA1BMVEUAAACnej3aAAAAAXRSTlMAQObYZgAAACJJREFUaIHtwTEBAAAAwqD1T20ND6AAAAAAAAAAAAAA4N8AKvgAAUFIrrEAAAAASUVORK5CYII=" loading="lazy" data-src="/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/لقطة-الشاشة-2023-09-17-213335.png" alt="قناة خالد النجار" width="966" height="654"><figcaption id="caption-attachment-1689" class="wp-caption-text">قناة خالد النجار</figcaption></figure> <div>الرابط:<a href="//www.youtube.com/channel/UCc00WGr3j4Fx3G1E-YlaD3Q/featured"> من هنا</a></div> <h2><span id="ttbyqat_tlm_alalmanyt_dhatya">تطبيقات تعلم الالمانية ذاتيا</span></h2> </div> <div>تساعد التطبيقات الحديثة على تعلم اللغة الألمانيه بطرق تفاعلية ومسلية، إليك أهمها:</div> <div> <ul> <li>تطبيق DW learn german: يتميز هذا التطبيق بأنه مجاني بالكامل ومخصص لتعلم ألماني في البيت بدون معلم وبديل عن أي كتاب او دورة، ولكافة المستويات من المبتدئ وحتى المتقدم في اللغة الالمانية ويتضمن فيديوهات، تمارين، تسجيلات وقواعد.</li> </ul> <figure id="attachment_1690" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-1690" style="width: 482px" class="wp-caption alignnone"><img decoding="async" class="size-full wp-image-1690" src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAYYAAADcAQMAAABOLJSDAAAAA1BMVEUAAACnej3aAAAAAXRSTlMAQObYZgAAACJJREFUaIHtwTEBAAAAwqD1T20ND6AAAAAAAAAAAAAA4N8AKvgAAUFIrrEAAAAASUVORK5CYII=" loading="lazy" data-src="/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/لقطة-الشاشة-2023-09-17-213750.png" alt="تطبيق DW learn german:" width="482" height="450"><figcaption id="caption-attachment-1690" class="wp-caption-text">تطبيق DW learn german:</figcaption></figure> <div>رابط تحميل تطبيق اللغة الألمانية للأندرويد:<a href="//play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.dw.learngerman&amp;hl=en_US&amp;gl=US">من هن</a>ا</div> <div>للآيفون: <a href="//apps.apple.com/us/app/dw-learn-german/id1224076534">من هنا</a></div> <div></div> <ul> <li>تطبيق دوولينجو: هو مجاني مع إمكانية الترقية الى النسخة المدفوعة، ويعتبر من أشهر التطبيقات لتعلم اللغة الإنجليزية والألمانية والفرنسية و19 لغة اخرى، حيث يستخدمه اكثر من 300 مليون شخص حول العالم.</li> </ul> <figure id="attachment_1691" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-1691" style="width: 589px" class="wp-caption alignnone"><img decoding="async" class="size-full wp-image-1691" src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAYYAAADcAQMAAABOLJSDAAAAA1BMVEUAAACnej3aAAAAAXRSTlMAQObYZgAAACJJREFUaIHtwTEBAAAAwqD1T20ND6AAAAAAAAAAAAAA4N8AKvgAAUFIrrEAAAAASUVORK5CYII=" loading="lazy" data-src="/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/لقطة-الشاشة-2023-09-17-213810.png" alt="تحميل تطبيق اللغة الألمانية" width="589" height="369"><figcaption id="caption-attachment-1691" class="wp-caption-text">تحميل تطبيق اللغة الألمانية</figcaption></figure> <div>رابط التحميل للأندرويد: <a href="//play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.duolingo&amp;hl=&amp;gl=US">من هنا</a></div> <div>لأجهزة الآيفون: <a href="//apps.apple.com/app/duolingo/id570060128">من هنا</a></div> <ul> <li>تطبيق Drops: يساعد في تعلم وإتقان جميع مراحل اللغة الألمانية ذاتيا من خلال أدوات ووسائل تفاعلية مسلية، ومتاح لأجهزة الكومبيوتر والأندرويد والآيفون.</li> </ul> <figure id="attachment_1692" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-1692" style="width: 515px" class="wp-caption alignnone"><img decoding="async" class="size-full wp-image-1692" src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAYYAAADcAQMAAABOLJSDAAAAA1BMVEUAAACnej3aAAAAAXRSTlMAQObYZgAAACJJREFUaIHtwTEBAAAAwqD1T20ND6AAAAAAAAAAAAAA4N8AKvgAAUFIrrEAAAAASUVORK5CYII=" loading="lazy" data-src="/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/لقطة-الشاشة-2023-09-17-213826.png" alt="تطبيق Drops" width="515" height="349"><figcaption id="caption-attachment-1692" class="wp-caption-text">تطبيق Drops</figcaption></figure> <div>رابط الأندرويد:<a href="//play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.languagedrops.drops.international&amp;hl=en&amp;gl=US"> من هنا</a></div> <div>الآيفون: <a href="//apps.apple.com/us/app/drops-fun-language-learning/id939540371">من هنا</a></div> <div>ختاماً، تعرفنا ضمن هذا المقال على موضوع تعلم الالمانية ذاتيا، مع تسليط الضوء على اهم مزايا واستراتيجيات هذا النوع من التعلم عن طريق أفضل التطبيقات والقنوات التي تساعد على التعلم الذاتي بشكل أسرع.</div> </div> <div class="post-shortlink"> <input type="text" id="short-post-url" value="lugtna.com/?p=1683" data-url="https://lugtna.com/?p=1683"> <button type="button" id="copy-post-url" class="button">نسخ الرابط</button> <span id="copy-post-url-msg" style="display:none;">تم نسخ الرابط</span> </div> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript">
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